华庆地区长63段低渗储层特征及优质储层主控因素     

李福来  王石头  苗顺德  杨军侠  徐志尧  李文帅 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,45(6):1580-1588

综合运用岩心观察、薄片鉴定、物性分析、压汞分析及试油分析等技术方法,对华庆地区长6₃段低渗储层特征进行了系统研究,分析了低渗储层的成因,并探讨了优质储层的主控因素。结果表明,华庆地区长6₃段储层的厚层块状砂岩主要由具有液化流性质的砂质碎屑流沉积形成的相对较厚块状砂岩纵向叠置组成。岩石类型主要为长石砂岩,其次为岩屑长石砂岩;储层具有低孔特低孔-特低渗透超低渗透特征;储集空间主要包括粒间原生孔隙、次生溶蚀孔隙及晶间微孔隙,为小孔微细喉型孔隙结构。杂基含量高、成分成熟度和结构成熟度差是华庆地区长6₃低渗储层形成的主控因素,压实作用对其形成起到强化作用。沉积鼎盛时期水动力强的主力沉积期次,形成泥质含量较低的砂岩是优质储层形成的主控因素,而较大的储层厚度是优质储层形成的必要条件。  相似文献   

Diffusive equilibrium in thin films provides evidence of suppression of hyporheic exchange and large‐scale nitrate transformation in a groundwater‐fed river          下载免费PDF全文

P. Byrne  H. Zhang  S. Ullah  A. Binley  A.L. Heathwaite  C.M. Heppell  K. Lansdown  M. Trimmer 《水文研究》2015,29(6):1385-1396

The hyporheic zone of riverbed sediments has the potential to attenuate nitrate from upwelling, polluted groundwater. However, the coarse‐scale (5–10 cm) measurement of nitrogen biogeochemistry in the hyporheic zone can often mask fine‐scale (<1 cm) biogeochemical patterns, especially in near‐surface sediments, leading to incomplete or inaccurate representation of the capacity of the hyporheic zone to transform upwelling NO₃^?. In this study, we utilised diffusive equilibrium in thin‐films samplers to capture high resolution (cm‐scale) vertical concentration profiles of NO₃^?, SO₄^2?, Fe and Mn in the upper 15 cm of armoured and permeable riverbed sediments. The goal was to test whether nitrate attenuation was occurring in a sub‐reach characterised by strong vertical (upwelling) water fluxes. The vertical concentration profiles obtained from diffusive equilibrium in thin‐films samplers indicate considerable cm‐scale variability in NO₃^? (4.4 ± 2.9 mg N/L), SO₄^2? (9.9 ± 3.1 mg/l) and dissolved Fe (1.6 ± 2.1 mg/l) and Mn (0.2 ± 0.2 mg/l). However, the overall trend suggests the absence of substantial net chemical transformations and surface‐subsurface water mixing in the shallow sediments of our sub‐reach under baseflow conditions. The significance of this is that upwelling NO₃^?‐rich groundwater does not appear to be attenuated in the riverbed sediments at <15 cm depth as might occur where hyporheic exchange flows deliver organic matter to the sediments for metabolic processes. It would appear that the chemical patterns observed in the shallow sediments of our sub‐reach are not controlled exclusively by redox processes and/or hyporheic exchange flows. Deeper‐seated groundwater fluxes and hydro‐stratigraphy may be additional important drivers of chemical patterns in the shallow sediments of our study sub‐reach. © 2015 The Authors. Hydrological Processes Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.  相似文献   

行业高校测绘卓越工程师多元化培养模式构建研究与实践     

陈国良  汪云甲  张书毕  邓喀中  杨化超 《测绘通报》2017,(3):133-136

“测绘卓越工程师教育培养计划”是《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》高等教育改革和发展中具有战略性意义的一项重要任务。本文紧抓人才培养模式创新的关键性要素作为切入点,创建了一套行业需求为导向的测绘工程专业卓越人才培养体系,搭建“高工程素质、强实践能力”的人才培养模式,完善专业课程体系,加强师资队伍建设,强化多元实践教学,构筑创新实践平台,着力提高学生的工程意识、工程素质和工程实践能力。  相似文献   

地理国情普查质量控制体系构建及效果分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张继贤  赵有松  罗伏军  党宇 《测绘通报》2017,(7):72-75

地理国情普查是采用空间化的方法反映自然要素与人文要素的空间分布、基本特征及其相互关系,为政府提升宏观决策的科学性及优化各类资源的配置提供依据。完善的质量控制体系是获取真实、准确、可靠的地理国情成果的有力保障。本文介绍了地理国情普查质量控制体系设计出发点、内容及其效果,对未来开展地理国情常态化监测的质量控制具有一定借鉴意义。  相似文献   

Formation of chlorite rims and the impact of pore-lining chlorite on reservoir quality: a case study from Shiqianfeng sandstones in upper Permian of Dongpu Depression,Bohai Bay Basin,eastern China     

P. J. Ma  C. Y. Lin  C. M. Dong  Y. F. Xu 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2017,64(6):825-839

The source material, precursor and formation processes of chlorite rims, and impact of pore-lining chlorite on reservoir quality of the Shiqianfeng sandstones, Dongpu Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China, are studied using an integrated approach, including core observation, point-count analysis of thin-sections, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis and cathode luminescence. The petrographic analysis shows that chlorite rims consist of grain-coating chlorite, poorly crystalline pore-lining chlorite and euhedral-crystallised pore-lining chlorite. The chemical composition shows that pore-lining chlorite is mainly Fe-rich with an average of 0.785 for Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratio. Petrographic analysis shows a large amount of volcanic dust (3.0～16.0 vol%, average of 7.93 vol%) in Shiqianfeng sandstones, which determines the formation of poorly crystalline pore-lining chlorite. Transformation of volcanic dust to smectite rims started with shallow burial depth at an early diagenetic stage, followed by in situ alteration of the smectite rims to poorly crystalline chlorite rims. Euhedral-crystallised chlorite mainly develops in sandstones with high porosity, high permeability and open flow systems. Pore-lining chlorite can inhibit quartz overgrowth but cannot effectively prevent pore-filling of authigenic quartz, carbonate and kaolinite cements, and therefore cannot prevent porosity destruction. However, the occurrence of pore-lining chlorite is a barometer of good reservoir quality and intense hydrodynamic conditions.  相似文献   

Diagenetic Evolution and Formation Mechanisms of High-Quality Reservoirs under Multiple Diagenetic Environmental Constraints: An Example from the Paleogene Beach-Bar Sandstone Reservoirs in the Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

WANG Jian  CAO Yingchang  SONG Guoqi  LIU Huimin 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(1):232-248

The diagenetic environment, diagenetic responses, diagenetic transformation model and formation mechanisms of high-quality reservoirs (beach-bar sandstones of the Paleogene fourth member) in the Dongying depression were studied through the analysis of fluid inclusions, thin section and burial evolution history. The diagenetic fluids of the beach-bar sandstone reservoirs evolved from early high salinity and weak alkalinity to low salinity and strong acidity, late high salinity and strong alkalinity and late low salinity and acidity, which were accompanied by two stages of oil and gas filling. The fluids at the margins of the sandbodies were continuously highly saline and strongly alkaline. The western (eastern) reservoirs experienced early open (closed), middle open, and late closed diagenetic environments during their burial history. The flow pattern was characterized by upwelling during the majority of the diagenesis (in the east, a non-circulating pattern transitioned into an upwelling current). Due to the evolution of the diagenetic fluids, the diagenetic sequence of the beach-bar reservoirs was as follows: early weak carbonate cementation; feldspar and carbonate cement dissolution and authigenic quartz cementation; late carbonate and anhydrite cementation, authigenic feldspar cementation, and late quartz dissolution; and late carbonate cementation, feldspar dissolution, and authigenic quartz cementation. The diagenetic strength during these stages varied or was absent altogether in different parts of the reservoirs. Due to the closeness of the diagenetic environment and the flow pattern of the diagenetic fluids, the diagenetic products are variably distributed in the sandstones interbedded with mudstones and in the fault blocks. The evolution of multiple alternating alkaline and acidic diagenetic environments controlled the distribution patterns of the reservoir diagenesis and reservoir space, and the reservoir quality index, RQI, increased gradually from the margins to the centers of the sandstones. The closeness of the diagenetic environment and the flow patterns of the diagenetic fluids controlled the differences in the reservoir properties among the fault blocks. With increasing distance from the oil-source faults, the RQI values in the west gradually decreased and in the east initially increased and then decreased.  相似文献   

济南市玉符河多水源回灌岩溶水水质风险评价   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李凤丽  王维平  徐巧艺  吴深  张郑贤 《中国岩溶》2017,36(5):751-758

济南以泉城而闻名,保泉和供水安全问题是其面临的巨大挑战,利用多水源进行岩溶水回灌是解决问题的有效措施之一,但是补给水源水质相对岩溶水而言较差,回灌到地下可能存在一定健康和环境风险,需要对回灌系统的水质进行风险评价。本文对比地下水质量标准和地下水水质背景值,重点选择地表源水超标和劣于背景值的风险源监测指标,借鉴澳大利亚含水层补给管理指南,对玉符河多水源回灌岩溶含水层工程运行期的水质风险进行评价。2015年对黄河水、卧虎山水库两种水源多次回灌期间的源水、孔隙水和岩溶水的22项指标进行水质监测和指标分析,风险残余评价结果表明黄河水回灌补源期间,平均浊度的标准指数源水是1.4,孔隙水1.7,岩溶水0.93,硫酸盐平均含量的标准指数源水是0.93,孔隙水0.9,岩溶水0.73,氯离子虽没有超过地下水III类标准,但是在源水中含量是地下水含量的2倍多;卧虎山水库水回灌补源期间,平均浊度的标准指数源水是2.4,孔隙水1.1,岩溶水0.43,硫酸盐平均含量的标准指数在源水0.75,孔隙水0.84,岩溶水0.66,氨氮的平均含量的标准指数源水1.14,孔隙水1.47,岩溶水1.35。因此,浊度、硫酸盐和溶质在裂隙岩溶含水层迁移较快为两种水源玉符河回灌补源工程的共同高风险项和关键控制点。此外,黄河水补源还需注意盐度,卧虎山水库水补源还需控制营养物的污染风险。基于以上评价,还提出了限制回灌量占区域岩溶水资源量比例等建议。   相似文献   

基于谱元法的各向异性黏弹性介质地震波场模拟和分析     

张平  韩立国 《世界地质》2017,36(1):255-265

基于谱元法计算理论,通过坐标旋转算法实现任意各向异性黏弹性介质中的地震波场计算,研究复合介质中地震波场特征。根据计算结果,qSV波表现为剪切滞弹性形变,qP波表现为膨胀滞弹性形变;品质因子不仅影响地震波振幅,还影响其传播频率;黏弹性介质吸收高频快,在一定频率范围内,黏弹性介质没有频散现象。  相似文献   

省级基础测绘DLG产品质量控制          下载免费PDF全文

商建伟  姜东兴  王骞颍  李龙凯 《山东国土资源》2017,33(4)

由于自身的复杂性,省级基础测绘DLG产品一直以来都是质量控制的重点和难点。"十三五"期间,基础测绘DLG产品更新具有了新的特点,不可控因素显著增加,严格进行省级DLG产品质量控制变得非常必要。该文总结了"十二五"期间DLG产品质量控制的可行经验,通过分析省级DLG产品基本内容,指出了DLG产品主要质量问题,提出了保障质量的对策建议。  相似文献   

模糊数学在海（咸）水入侵水质评价中的应用—以寿光地区为例          下载免费PDF全文

付恩光  吴光伟  李同心 《山东国土资源》2017,33(7)

运用模糊数学的基本思想方法,结合海(咸)水入侵的特点,依据寿光地区2015年丰水期地下水水质监测结果,选取Cl-、矿化度、咸化系数、钠吸附比等4项水化学指标作为评价因子,构建模糊综合评价数学模型,对寿光海(咸)水入侵现状进行了模糊综合评价,并验证了此模糊综合评价结果的可靠性。  相似文献